UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 6-K

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER

PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16

UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the month of May 2023

Commission File Number: 001-35454

Vipshop Holdings Limited

Vipshop Headquarters, 128 Dingxin Road

Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510220

People’s Republic of China

(Address of principal executive offices)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

Form 20-F  ☒            Form 40-F  ☐

EXHIBIT INDEX

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: May 23, 2023

Exhibit 99.1

Vipshop Reports Unaudited First Quarter 2023 Financial Results

Conference Call to Be Held at 7:30 A.M. U.S. Eastern Time on May 23, 2023

Guangzhou, China, May 23, 2023 – Vipshop Holdings Limited (NYSE: VIPS), a leading online discount retailer for brands in China (“Vipshop” or the “Company”), today announced its unaudited financial results for the quarter ended March 31, 2023.

First Quarter 2023 Highlights

Mr. Eric Shen, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Vipshop, stated, “We started 2023 with solid business momentum as we continued to execute our merchandising strategy diligently and effectively. Our abundant and diverse assortments at great value caters well to consumer appetite for discretionary spending along with a rebound in social activities post the pandemic. In the first quarter, we focused more on building our strategic and long-term capabilities in merchandise expansion, customer engagement and service excellence that truly differentiate us. We are reinforcing our value-for-money perception across our merchandise offerings to keep Vipshop top-of-mind among customers. In addition, we are positioned to expand the base of high-value customers and Super VIP members. We are confident about our goal to stay on quality and consistent growth path for the long term.”

Mr. David Cui, Chief Financial Officer of Vipshop, further commented, “We are pleased to deliver a strong set of first quarter results. The revenue rise was driven by healthy customer growth with increased spending. Profitabiliy was exceptionally strong because of sales increase and efficiency gains. In addition, we continued to proactively return value to shareholders, with a new share repurchase program in place after we fully utilized the remaining amount under the previous US$1 billion program during the first quarter. Looking ahead, we believe we are in a great shape to achieve solid topline expansion while sustaining healthy profitability.”

First Quarter 2023 Financial Results

REVENUES

Total net revenues for the first quarter of 2023 increased by 9.1% year over year to RMB27.5 billion (US$4.0 billion) from RMB25.2 billion in the prior year period, primarily attributable to the growth in active customers and spending driven by the recovery in consumption of discretionary categories.

GROSS PROFIT

Gross profit for the first quarter of 2023 increased by 17.9% year over year to RMB5.9 billion (US$859.8 million) from RMB5.0 billion in the prior year period. Gross margin for the first quarter of 2023 increased to 21.4% from 19.8% in the prior year period.

OPERATING EXPENSES

Total operating expenses for the first quarter of 2023 increased by 4.2% year over year to RMB4.1 billion (US$591.4 million) from RMB3.9 billion in the prior year period. As a percentage of total net revenues, total operating expenses for the first quarter of 2023 decreased to 14.7% from 15.4% in the prior year period.

INCOME FROM OPERATIONS

Income from operations for the first quarter of 2023 increased by 54.8% year over year to RMB2.0 billion (US$289.1 million) from RMB1.3 billion in the prior year period. Operating margin for the first quarter of 2023 increased to 7.2% from 5.1% in the prior year period.

Non-GAAP income from operations⁵ for the first quarter of 2023, which excluded share-based compensation expenses, increased by 50.6% year over year to RMB2.3 billion (US$333.4 million) from RMB1.5 billion in the prior year period. Non-GAAP operating income margin⁶ for the first quarter of 2023 increased to 8.3% from 6.0% in the prior year period.

NET INCOME

Net income attributable to Vipshop’s shareholders for the first quarter of 2023 increased by 69.6% year over year to RMB1.9 billion (US$270.7 million) from RMB1.1 billion in the prior year period. Net margin attributable to Vipshop’s shareholders for the first quarter of 2023 increased to 6.8% from 4.3% in the prior year period. Net income attributable to Vipshop’s shareholders per diluted ADS⁷ for the first quarter of 2023 increased to RMB3.16 (US$0.46) from RMB1.61 in the prior year period.

Non-GAAP net income attributable to Vipshop’s shareholders for the first quarter of 2023, which excluded (i) share-based compensation expenses, (ii) investment loss (gain) and revaluation of investments excluding dividends, (iii) reconciling items on the share of equity method investments, and (iv) tax effects on non-GAAP adjustments, increased by 45.8% year over year to RMB2.1 billion (US$301.3 million) from RMB1.4 billion in the prior year period. Non-GAAP net margin attributable to Vipshop’s shareholders⁸ for the first quarter of 2023 increased to 7.5% from 5.6% in the prior year period. Non-GAAP net income attributable to Vipshop’s shareholders per diluted ADS⁹ for the first quarter of 2023 increased to RMB3.52 (US$0.51) from RMB2.09 in the prior year period.

For the quarter ended March 31, 2023, the Company’s weighted average number of ADSs used in computing diluted income per ADS was 588,062,755.

BALANCE SHEET AND CASH FLOW

As of March 31, 2023, the Company had cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash of RMB18.9 billion (US$2.8 billion) and short term investments of RMB1.5 billion (US$217.0 million).

For the quarter ended March 31, 2023, net cash generated from operating activities was RMB460.7 million (US$67.1 million), and free cash flow¹⁰, a non-GAAP measurement of liquidity, was as follows:

Share Repurchase Program

As of March 31, 2023, the Company had fully utilized its US$1 billion share repurchase program announced on March 31, 2022.

On March 30, 2023, the Company’s board of directors authorized a new share repurchase program under which the Company may repurchase up to US$500 million of its ADSs or Class A ordinary shares for a 24-month period until the close of business on March 31, 2025, U.S. Eastern Time. On May 22, 2023, the Company’s board of directors approved an increase in the authorized amount under the current share repurchase program by US$500 million such that the Company may repurchase up to US$1 billion of its ADSs or Class A ordinary shares thereunder.

Management Change

The Company also announced today that it has appointed Mr. Mark Wang as its chief financial officer, effective May 24, 2023. Mr. Wang will succeed Mr. David Cui, who has decided to resign from this position for personal reasons.

Mr. Eric Ya Shen, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Vipshop, said, “On behalf of the board of directors and management team of the Company, I would like to thank David for his contributions and tireless work at Vipshop over the past three years, and wish him all the best in his future endeavors. I would also like to warmly welcome Mark to the Company. His extensive experience in finance and accounting will make him a great addition to the Vipshop team.”

Mr. David Cui said, “It has been a valuable experience working at Vipshop. I would like to thank the board of directors of the Company, Eric and the investment communities for your trust and support. Together, we have witnessed Vipshop’s solid achievements. I believe the Company has built a strong foundation and financial position that will support its long-term growth strategy.”

Prior to joining Vipshop, Mr. Wang served as the chief financial officer of Benlai Group, an online fresh grocery player in China, from April 2021 to November 2022. From October 2017 to March 2021, Mr. Wang served as the vice president in the finance department of Xiaomi Corporation (HKEX: 1810). Prior to that, Mr. Wang worked at Changyou.com Limited as a finance director from July 2014 to September 2017. From April 2013 to June 2014, Mr. Wang was a senior manager in the finance department of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Prior to that, Mr. Wang served as a tax manager at PricewaterhouseCoopers Consultants (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. from August 2006 to April 2013. Currently, Mr. Wang has also served as an independent director of Beijing Kingsoft Office Software, Inc. (SSE: 688111) since April 2022. Mr. Wang received a bachelor degree in finance from Beijing International Studies University.

Business Outlook

For the second quarter of 2023, the Company expects its total net revenues to be between RMB27.0 billion and RMB28.2 billion, representing a year-over-year increase of approximately 10% to 15%. These forecasts reflect the Company’s current and preliminary view on the market and operational conditions, which is subject to change.

Exchange Rate

The Company’s business is primarily conducted in China and the significant majority of revenues generated are denominated in Renminbi. This announcement contains currency conversions of Renminbi amounts into U.S. dollars solely for the convenience of the reader. Unless otherwise noted, all translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars are made at a rate of RMB6.8676 to US$1.00, the effective noon buying rate on March 31, 2023 as set forth in the H.10 statistical release of the Federal Reserve Board. No representation is made that the Renminbi amounts could have been, or could be, converted, realized or settled into U.S. dollars at that rate on March 31, 2023, or at any other rate.

Conference Call Information

The Company will hold a conference call on Tuesday, May 23, 2023 at 7:30 am U.S. Eastern Time, 7:30 pm Beijing Time to discuss the financial results.

All participants wishing to join the conference call must pre-register online using the link provided below.

Registration Link: https://register.vevent.com/register/BIa7b0f3c3d71c4ae9a4e24610c98c4ab5

Once pre-registration has been completed, each participant will receive dial-in numbers and a unique access PIN via email. To join the conference, participants should use the dial-in details followed by the PIN code.

A live webcast of the earnings conference call can be accessed at https://edge.media-server.com/mmc/p/z9j5ao4g. An archived webcast will be available at the Company’s investor relations website at http://ir.vip.com.

About Vipshop Holdings Limited

Vipshop Holdings Limited is a leading online discount retailer for brands in China. Vipshop offers high quality and popular branded products to consumers throughout China at a significant discount to retail prices. Since it was founded in August 2008, the Company has rapidly built a sizeable and growing base of customers and brand partners. For more information, please visit https://ir.vip.com/.

Safe Harbor Statement

This announcement contains forward-looking statements. These statements are made under the “safe harbor” provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as “will,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “future,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates” and similar statements. Among other things, the business outlook and quotations from management in this announcement, as well as Vipshop’s strategic and operational plans, contain forward-looking statements. Vipshop may also make written or oral forward-looking statements in its periodic reports to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), in its annual report to shareholders, in press releases and other written materials and in oral statements made by its officers, directors or employees to third parties. Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about Vipshop’s beliefs and expectations, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties. A number of factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement, including but not limited to the following: Vipshop’s goals and strategies; Vipshop’s future business development, results of operations and financial condition; the expected growth of the online discount retail market in China; Vipshop’s ability to attract customers and brand partners and further enhance its brand recognition; Vipshop’s expectations regarding needs for and market acceptance of flash sales products and services; competition in the discount retail industry; the potential impact of the COVID-19 to Vipshop’s business operations and the economy in China and elsewhere generally; fluctuations in general economic and business conditions in China and assumptions underlying or related to any of the foregoing. Further information regarding these and other risks is included in Vipshop’s filings with the SEC. All information provided in this press release is as of the date of this press release, and Vipshop does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement, except as required under applicable law.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The condensed consolidated financial information is derived from the Company’s unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), except that comparative consolidated statements of income and cash flows for the period presented and detailed footnote disclosures required by Accounting Standards Codification 270, Interim Reporting (“ASC270”), have been omitted. Vipshop uses non-GAAP net income attributable to Vipshop’s shareholders, non-GAAP net income attributable to Vipshop’s shareholders per diluted ADS, non-GAAP income from operations, non-GAAP operating income margin, non-GAAP net margin attributable to Vipshop’s shareholders, and free cash flow, each of which is a non-GAAP financial measure. For the periods presented in this press release, non-GAAP net income attributable to Vipshop’s shareholders is net income attributable to Vipshop’s shareholders excluding (i) share-based compensation expenses, (ii) investment loss (gain) and revaluation of investments excluding dividends, (iii) reconciling items on the share of equity method investments, and (iv) tax effects on non-GAAP adjustments. Non-GAAP net income attributable to Vipshop’s shareholders per diluted ADS is computed using non-GAAP net income attributable to Vipshop’s shareholders divided by weighted average number of diluted ADS outstanding for computing diluted earnings per ADS. Non-GAAP income from operations is income from operations excluding share-based compensation expenses. Non-GAAP operating income margin is non-GAAP income from operations as a percentage of total net revenues. Non-GAAP net margin attributable to Vipshop’s shareholders is non-GAAP net income attributable to Vipshop’s shareholders as a percentage of total net revenues. Free cash flow is net cash from operating activities adding back the impact from internet financing activities and less capital expenditures, which include purchase and deposits of property and equipment and land use rights. Impact from internet financing activities added back or deducted from free cash flow contains changes in the balances of financial products, which are primarily consumer financing and supplier financing that the Company provides to customers and suppliers. The Company believes that separate analysis and exclusion of the non-cash impact of (i) share-based compensation expenses, (ii) investment loss (gain) and revaluation of investments excluding dividends, (iii) reconciling items on the share of equity method investments, and (iv) tax effects on non-GAAP adjustments add clarity to the constituent parts of its performance. The Company reviews these non-GAAP financial measures together with GAAP financial measures to obtain a better understanding of its operating performance. It uses these non-GAAP financial measures for planning, forecasting and measuring results against the forecast. The Company believes that non-GAAP financial measures are useful supplemental information for investors and analysts to assess its operating performance without the effect of (i) share-based compensation expenses, (ii) investment loss (gain) and revaluation of investments excluding dividends, (iii) reconciling items on the share of equity method investments, and (iv) tax effects on non-GAAP adjustments. Free cash flow enables the Company to assess liquidity and cash flow, taking into account the impact from internet financing activities and the financial resources needed for the expansion of fulfillment infrastructure, technology platform and Shan Shan Outlets. Share-based compensation expenses have been and will continue to be significant recurring expenses in its business. However, the use of non-GAAP financial measures has material limitations as an analytical tool. One of the limitations of using non-GAAP financial measures is that they do not include all items that impact the Company’s net income for the period. In addition, because non-GAAP financial measures are not measured in the same manner by all companies, they may not be comparable to other similar titled measures used by other companies. One of the key limitations of free cash flow is that it does not represent the residual cash flow available for discretionary expenditures.

The presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures is not intended to be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. For more information on these non-GAAP financial measures, please see the table captioned “Vipshop Holdings Limited Reconciliations of GAAP and Non-GAAP Results” at the end of this release.

Investor Relations Contact

Tel: +86 (20) 2233-0732

Email: IR@vipshop.com

Vipshop Holdings Limited

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income

(In thousands, except for share and per share data)

Vipshop Holdings Limited

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except for share and per share data)

Vipshop Holdings Limited

Reconciliations of GAAP and Non-GAAP Results